Iron ore mining equipment and mineral processing technology are crucial to the development and utilization of iron ore resources. There are many types of iron ore mining equipment, mainly including the following types:
1. Crushing equipment:
• Jaw crusher: mainly used for coarse crushing operations, can crush large pieces of iron ore into smaller particles for subsequent processing.
• Impact crusher: suitable for medium and fine crushing operations, can further crush iron ore and improve the uniformity of the ore.
• Hammer crusher: through the high-speed rotating hammer head to hit and shear the iron ore to achieve the purpose of crushing.
2. Grinding equipment:
• Ball mill: It is a commonly used grinding equipment in iron ore beneficiation, which can grind iron ore into fine particles for subsequent beneficiation operations.
• Rod mill: similar to ball mill, but uses rod-shaped media for grinding, suitable for the grinding needs of certain specific ores.
3. Screening equipment:
• Vibrating screen: The iron ore is screened according to the particle size through vibration to separate ores of different particle sizes.
Iron ore beneficiation technology
1. Magnetic separation method:
• Applicable to the beneficiation of magnetite ore. The strong magnetic property of magnetite is used to separate magnetite from iron ore through a magnetic separator.
• Depending on the particle size of the ore, one-stage grinding-magnetic separation, two-stage grinding-magnetic separation or dry grinding-dry magnetic separation can be used.
2. Flotation method:
• Applicable to the beneficiation of weakly magnetic iron ore (such as hematite, limonite, etc.). By adding flotation agents, the useful minerals in the iron ore are separated from the gangue minerals.
• Flotation can be divided into two process flows: positive flotation and reverse flotation. The specific choice depends on the nature of the ore and the beneficiation requirements.
3. Gravity separation method:
• Use the density difference between iron ore and gangue minerals for separation. Suitable for coarse-grained ores.
• Commonly used gravity separation equipment includes jigs, shaking tables, etc.
4. Roasting magnetic separation method:
• When the ore composition is complex and other beneficiation methods are difficult to obtain good separation indicators, roasting magnetic separation can be used. By magnetizing and roasting the ore, weakly magnetic minerals are converted into strongly magnetic minerals, and then separated by a magnetic separator.
5. Combined process beneficiation method:
Combining multiple beneficiation methods to maximize the grade of iron ore concentrate and the recovery rate of finished products. For example, magnetic roasting-magnetic separation-reverse flotation process, copper flotation-magnetization roasting-magnetic separation process, etc.
